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StrategyArthur Brooks

Complicated-or-Complex Problem Test

Decide whether to solve a problem or learn to live it

Difficulty
Easy
Time to result
~days to results
Steps
5
Confidence
96%

The test distinguishes problems that can be solved from problems that can only be understood and lived. A complicated problem, such as building a machine, yields to sufficient information, discipline, brainpower, and computation. A complex problem may have simple rules but cannot be resolved in advance because its state changes through live interaction. A football match, a marriage, a pet, or a developing self fits this second class. First ask whether more information could produce a stable answer. Then ask whether the participants and feedback will keep changing the situation. Solve the first class analytically; approach the second with observation, adaptation, and acceptance that there is no final solved state.

Origin

Brooks introduces the distinction after Chris describes years of elaborate self-optimization, arguing that the person one wants to become is understandable rather than solvable.

Core principles

  • 01Complicated problems yield to information and computation
  • 02Complex problems unfold through interaction over time
  • 03Understanding can be the correct goal when solving is impossible
  • 04Many meaningful parts of life are complex

How to run it

  1. 1

    Frame the challenge

    Describe what is happening and the outcome you are trying to produce without yet prescribing a method.

  2. 2

    Test for solvability

    Ask whether enough information, discipline, or computational power could generate a repeatable answer.

    Pro tip Look for stable components and rules.

    Watch out Difficulty alone does not make a problem complex.

  3. 3

    Test for emergence

    Ask whether human behavior, feedback, or unfolding events continually change the state of the problem.

    Pro tip If the outcome can only be known by living through it, complexity is likely dominant.

  4. 4

    Choose the mode

    Use analysis and execution for a complicated problem; use attention, experimentation, and adaptation for a complex one.

    Watch out Do not demand a permanent answer from a living system.

  5. 5

    Reassess over time

    For complex problems, update your understanding as interactions reveal new information instead of declaring the matter solved.

    Pro tip Track what changed in the system, not only whether a plan was completed.

In the wild

A toaster versus a marriage

A toaster can be understood, assembled, and repaired through stable technical knowledge. A marriage changes as two people interact, so no amount of advance calculation can settle every future state.

The technical object is solved; the relationship is continually understood and lived.

Common mistakes

Treating yourself like a machine

More information and a larger routine do not permanently solve an evolving identity.

Calling every hard problem complex

A difficult technical task can still be complicated if stable knowledge and computation can solve it.

Is it for you?

Best for

Anyone deciding whether a challenge needs more analysis or more adaptive participation.

Not ideal for

It should not be used to avoid solving a difficult but genuinely technical problem.

From the transcript

when it comes to the person that you want to be, that's not a problem you can solve. That's a problem you can understand.

Arthur Brooks · 1:28:00

There's two kinds of problems. There's the solvable problems and the understandable problems.

Arthur Brooks · 1:28:00

Complex problems are super easy to understand, but they're impossible to solve. You can only live them.

Arthur Brooks · 1:28:30

From the episode

14 Habits for an Optimised Morning & Evening Routine - Arthur Brooks - #1043

Arthur Brooks